acidoseja

Acidoseja is not a widely used term in English-language medicine. In some contexts it appears as a variant spelling or translation of acidosis, the abnormal decrease in body fluid pH due to excess acid or bicarbonate loss. When used, it generally refers to the condition in which body systems fail to maintain acid-base balance.

Acidosis can be classified as respiratory or metabolic. Respiratory acidosis arises from hypoventilation with accumulation of carbon dioxide, while metabolic acidosis results from excessive nonvolatile acids or loss of bicarbonate.

Common causes include: respiratory (such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, severe pneumonia, asthma, pulmonary edema, or respiratory muscle weakness) and metabolic (such as diabetic ketoacidosis, lactic acidosis from sepsis or shock, renal failure, toxin ingestions like salicylates, diarrhea, or significant bicarbonate loss).

Clinical features include rapid breathing, confusion, fatigue, nausea, and in severe cases coma or shock. Diagnosis relies on arterial blood gas analysis showing low pH and altered bicarbonate or CO2 levels, supported by electrolytes and anion gap calculation. Imaging and laboratory tests help determine the underlying cause.

Management focuses on treating the underlying cause, correcting the acid-base disturbance, and supporting organ function. Approaches include ventilatory support for respiratory acidosis, intravenous fluids and electrolyte management, insulin for diabetic ketoacidosis, bicarbonate administration in severe cases, and dialysis for renal failure. Prognosis depends on etiology and the speed and effectiveness of treatment.