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Abortion is a medical procedure used to terminate a pregnancy. It is a complex issue that has been a subject of debate and controversy for centuries. The term "abortion" refers to the spontaneous or induced termination of a pregnancy, with the latter being the most common context in discussions about the topic.

Abortion can be performed for various reasons, including medical complications, fetal abnormalities, or personal choices. The procedure can be carried out through different methods, such as medication, surgical aspiration, or dilation and curettage, depending on the stage of the pregnancy.

The debate surrounding abortion often revolves around ethical, legal, and social considerations. Proponents of abortion rights argue that women should have the right to make decisions about their own bodies, including the choice to terminate a pregnancy. They also contend that abortion can save women's lives in cases of medical emergencies or rape.

Opponents of abortion, often referred to as abortion opponents or pro-life advocates, argue that abortion is morally wrong and that it takes an innocent human life. They often advocate for restrictions on abortion, including mandatory waiting periods, parental consent requirements, and regulations on late-term abortions.

The legal status of abortion varies widely across different countries and regions. In some places, abortion is legal and widely available, while in others, it is heavily restricted or entirely prohibited. The legal landscape has evolved over time, with significant shifts occurring in the mid-20th century as a result of social and political movements.

Abortion is a sensitive and multifaceted issue that touches on personal autonomy, reproductive rights, and the sanctity of life. It continues to be a topic of ongoing debate and discussion in various forums, including medical, legal, ethical, and social spheres.