abführende

Abführende, also known as laxatives, are substances that are used to promote defecation. They work in various ways to relieve constipation and prepare the bowel for medical procedures. Different types of laxatives exist, each with its own mechanism of action and indications.

Bulk-forming laxatives absorb water in the intestine, increasing the bulk of the stool and stimulating bowel movements. Examples include psyllium and methylcellulose. Osmotic laxatives draw water into the colon, softening the stool and making it easier to pass. Common examples are polyethylene glycol and magnesium citrate. Stimulant laxatives work by directly stimulating the nerves in the intestinal wall, causing contractions that propel stool forward. Senna and bisacodyl are typical stimulant laxatives. Stool softeners, such as docusate sodium, work by allowing water and fats to penetrate the stool, making it softer. Lubricant laxatives, like mineral oil, coat the stool, making it easier to pass.

Laxatives are generally used for short-term relief of constipation. However, prolonged or excessive use can lead to dependence, electrolyte imbalances, and other adverse effects. It is important to use laxatives as directed by a healthcare professional and to address the underlying causes of constipation, which may include dietary changes, increased fluid intake, and physical activity. Some medical conditions and medications can also cause constipation, and it is crucial to consult a doctor to determine the most appropriate treatment plan.