Laxatives

Laxatives are medications or dietary supplements used to treat constipation by promoting bowel movements. They work by increasing the amount of water and electrolytes in the intestines, softening the stool, or stimulating the muscles of the intestines to move the stool along. Laxatives can be classified into several types based on their mechanism of action:

Over-the-counter (OTC) laxatives are available without a prescription and are typically milder. They include stool softeners like docusate sodium, bulk-forming laxatives like psyllium, and stimulant laxatives like senna. Prescription laxatives are stronger and may be used for more severe constipation or specific medical conditions. They include stimulant laxatives like bisacodyl, osmotic laxatives like polyethylene glycol, and saline laxatives like magnesium citrate.

Laxatives should be used with caution, as they can cause side effects such as abdominal cramps, diarrhea, and electrolyte imbalances. They should not be used for prolonged periods without medical supervision, as this can lead to dependence and other complications. Always follow the instructions on the label or as directed by a healthcare provider when using laxatives. If constipation persists or is accompanied by other symptoms such as blood in the stool, severe abdominal pain, or fever, seek medical attention immediately.