Zygaenoidea

Zygaenoidea is a superfamily of moths within the order Lepidoptera. In many classifications it lies within the Ditrysia, a large clade that includes most moths and butterflies. The group comprises several families, with Zygaenidae (the burnet and forester moths) and Epipyropidae (planthopper-parasite moths) being the best known. The exact circumscription of Zygaenoidea has varied as taxonomic methods have evolved, particularly with the influence of molecular data on the placement of related families.

Zygaenidae are typically small to medium-sized moths, often with metallic or iridescent wings and warning coloration. Many species are day-flying, and the larvae feed on a variety of herbaceous plants, including legumes. A notable aspect of their biology is the production or sequestration of hydrogen cyanide as a chemical defense, which deters predators. Adults of Zygaenidae are generally nectar-feeding or nonfeeding, depending on the species.

Epipyropidae are unusual among Lepidoptera because their larvae are obligate parasitoids of other insects. Hosts include a range of insects, with some species targeting other caterpillars and certain Homoptera such as planthoppers. Adults typically have reduced mouthparts and limited or no feeding, and they are often small and pale.

Geographically, Zygaenoidea is found worldwide, though individual families show distinct distribution patterns. The superfamily represents a relatively small lineage within Ditrysia, and its relationships to other Lepidopteran groups have been refined by modern phylogenetic studies.