Yttriumstabilisiertes

Yttriumstabilisiertes refers to materials, primarily ceramics, that have been doped or modified with yttrium (Y) to enhance their structural and functional properties. The most common application of this technique is in the stabilization of cubic zirconia, a compound primarily composed of zirconium dioxide (ZrO₂). Pure zirconia undergoes a phase transition at lower temperatures, which can lead to structural instability and cracking. By adding yttrium oxide (Y₂O₃) as a stabilizer, typically in concentrations of 3–8 mol%, the material can be transformed into a fully stabilized cubic phase, known as yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ). This modification prevents the phase transition and improves mechanical strength, thermal stability, and electrical conductivity.

YSZ is widely used in high-temperature applications such as solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), oxygen sensors, and thermal barrier coatings in gas turbines. The yttrium ions substitute for zirconium ions in the crystal lattice, disrupting the regular arrangement and stabilizing the cubic structure. This stabilization allows the material to maintain its integrity under extreme conditions, such as high temperatures or thermal cycling.

Beyond zirconia, yttrium stabilization is also explored in other ceramic systems, including perovskite structures, to tailor properties like dielectric constants, magnetic behavior, or catalytic activity. The choice of yttrium concentration and synthesis method can further refine the material’s performance for specific applications. While primarily associated with zirconia, yttrium doping remains a versatile approach in materials science for achieving desired physical and chemical properties.