Wrodzona

Wrodzona is a Polish adjective meaning congenital or inborn, used to describe traits, conditions, or characteristics that are present from birth or are inherent rather than acquired later. It is commonly found in medical and everyday language to distinguish what is innate from what develops through experience or environment.

In medical Polish, the term often appears in phrases such as wada wrodzona (congenital defect), wrodzony defekt serca (congenital heart defect), or wrodzone zaburzenie metaboliczne (inborn metabolic disorder). The word can also describe non-medical attributes, such as inborn talents or predispositions, for example wrodzone zdolności muzyczne.

Etymology and grammar: wrodzona derives from the verb rodzić (to give birth) with the prefix w-, forming a word that signifies something present from birth. As an adjective, wrodzona agrees with the gender and number of the noun: wrodzony (masculine singular), wrodzona (feminine singular), wrodzone (neuter singular or plural). Phrases will adapt to the noun they modify, for instance, wrodzona wada, wrodzony problem, wrodzone cechy.

Usage notes: wrodzona emphasizes the innate, hereditary, or natural aspect of a trait or condition, and is often contrasted with nabyta (acquired). While medical contexts favor wrodzona/wrodzone for clarity, the term is also used metaphorically to refer to inborn abilities or dispositions.

See also: congenital condition, innate trait, hereditary factors, acquired.