Wiryeseong

Wiryeseong was the capital city of the ancient Korean kingdom of Baekje. The exact location of Wiryeseong is a subject of scholarly debate, but it is generally believed to have been situated in the area of present-day Seoul, South Korea, particularly within the Han River basin. The city served as the political and economic center of Baekje during its early period, from its founding around 18 BCE until its eventual relocation to Ungjin (modern-day Gongju) in 475 CE.

Historical records suggest that Wiryeseong was a strategically important settlement, benefiting from the fertile lands and navigable waterways of the Han River. It played a crucial role in Baekje's expansion and development as one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. Archaeological findings in the Seoul area, including fortifications and pottery, have provided evidence supporting the identification of this region with early Baekje capitals, though definitive identification of Wiryeseong itself remains elusive. The period of Baekje's rule from Wiryeseong marked a significant era in Korean history, characterized by cultural exchange and political maneuvering between Baekje, Goguryeo, and Silla. The city's eventual abandonment and relocation were likely influenced by military pressures from neighboring kingdoms, particularly Goguryeo.