Wenus

Wenus, the Polish name for the planet Venus, is the second planet from the Sun and the brightest planet visible in Earth's night sky.

It is a terrestrial planet with a diameter of about 12,104 kilometers and a mass of roughly 4.87 × 10^24 kilograms. Its surface gravity is about 8.87 meters per second squared. Venus rotates very slowly in a retrograde direction, completing a sidereal day in about 243 Earth days, while its year lasts about 224.7 days. The atmosphere is thick and hot, composed mainly of carbon dioxide, with clouds of sulfuric acid that create a strong greenhouse effect. Surface pressure is about 92 bar, and average surface temperatures reach around 467°C.

Most of Venus's surface consists of volcanic plains with relatively few impact craters, indicating that resurfacing occurred over its history. The terrain includes highland regions and areas called tesserae, which show crustal deformation. The exact level of current tectonic activity is a subject of ongoing study.

Venus has been studied extensively by space probes. The Soviet Venera program achieved the first successful landers; Venera 7 transmitted data from the surface in 1970. The Magellan orbiter used radar to map the surface from 1990 to 1994. Later missions include ESA's Venus Express (2006–2014) and JAXA's Akatsuki (which arrived at Venus in 2015 after an earlier failed attempt).