Wedding

A wedding is a formal ceremony by which two people become married, often followed by a reception. The ceremony may be religious, secular, or civil, and is typically accompanied by legal recognition of the union.

Etymology and concept: The term wedding derives from Old English wed, meaning pledge. Across cultures, weddings express social, economic, and familial commitments, and the rituals surrounding them vary widely while often sharing themes of union, celebration, and public vows.

Historically, marriages have combined alliances, property, or lineage. Ancient civilizations conducted ceremonies that established alliances or legitimacy. In the Western world, a popular modern practice emerged in the 19th century with the white wedding dress and formal receptions.

Typical elements include an engagement, a formal ceremony in which vows are spoken, the exchange of rings, and the presence of an officiant and witnesses. A reception may follow with meals, speeches, dancing, and toasts.

Legal recognition requires a marriage license and registration, and an authorized officiant. Age, consent, and non-marital status are commonly required. Practices vary by jurisdiction; some places also recognize civil unions or registered partnerships.

Cultural traditions include the Hindu wedding, Chinese tea ceremony, Jewish chuppah, Muslim nikah, and many others, each with unique rites, attire, and symbolism. Intercultural weddings combine elements from different traditions, reflecting the couple’s backgrounds.

In recent decades, weddings have diversified in size, style, and cost. Micro-weddings and elopements rise in popularity, with streaming options for guests; sustainability and personal expression influence vows, music, attire, and registries.