Vérgázanalízis

Vérgázanalízis, often abbreviated as ABG (Arterial Blood Gas), is a medical diagnostic test that measures the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the arterial blood, as well as the blood's pH. This analysis provides crucial information about a patient's respiratory and metabolic status. The test involves drawing a small sample of arterial blood, typically from an artery in the wrist (radial artery), although other locations like the brachial or femoral artery can also be used.

The primary parameters measured in an ABG test include partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2), partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2), pH, and bicarbonate (HCO3-). PaO2 indicates how well oxygen is being transferred from the lungs into the blood. PaCO2 reflects how effectively carbon dioxide is being removed from the body. The pH level indicates the acidity or alkalinity of the blood, which is vital for assessing acid-base balance. Bicarbonate is a key buffer in the body and helps regulate pH.

ABG analysis is commonly used in critical care settings to monitor patients with respiratory failure, lung diseases like COPD or pneumonia, during anesthesia, or in cases of severe illness or trauma. It helps healthcare professionals diagnose and manage conditions such as respiratory acidosis or alkalosis, metabolic acidosis or alkalosis, and oxygenation problems. The results guide treatment decisions, including the need for mechanical ventilation or adjustments to oxygen therapy.