Véralvadékban

Véralvadékban, more commonly known as thrombosis, is a medical condition where a blood clot, or thrombus, forms within a blood vessel. This clot can obstruct blood flow, potentially leading to serious health consequences.

The process of blood clotting, or coagulation, is a vital mechanism for preventing excessive bleeding after injury. However, under certain circumstances, clots can form inappropriately within intact blood vessels. This can be triggered by a variety of factors, often summarized by Virchow's triad: abnormalities in the blood vessel wall (endothelium), changes in blood flow (stasis or turbulence), and alterations in blood composition that promote clotting (hypercoagulability).

Thrombosis can occur in arteries or veins. Arterial thrombosis often results in conditions like heart attack (myocardial infarction) or stroke, where the clot blocks blood supply to critical organs. Venous thrombosis, such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT), typically occurs in the legs and can lead to swelling and pain. A significant risk associated with DVT is pulmonary embolism, where a piece of the clot breaks off and travels to the lungs, which can be life-threatening.

Risk factors for developing thrombosis include immobility, surgery, certain medical conditions like cancer and inflammatory diseases, hormonal therapies, and genetic predisposition. Diagnosis often involves imaging techniques like ultrasound or venography, and blood tests may be used to assess clotting function. Treatment typically involves anticoagulant medications to prevent further clot formation and reduce the risk of embolization, and in some cases, procedures to dissolve or remove existing clots may be performed.