Välilevyprolapsi

Välilevyprolapsi, commonly known in English as a herniated disc, is a medical condition affecting the intervertebral discs of the spine. These discs act as cushions between the vertebrae. A prolapse occurs when the soft, jelly-like center of the disc pushes through a tear in the tougher outer layer. This can happen due to aging, wear and tear, or sudden injury.

Symptoms of a välilevyprolapsi vary depending on the location and severity of the herniation. Lumbar (lower back) prolapses are the most common and can cause pain in the back, buttocks, and down the leg (sciatica). Cervical (neck) prolapses can lead to neck pain, shoulder pain, and numbness or tingling in the arms and hands. Thoracic (upper back) prolapses are less frequent but can cause pain in the chest or abdomen. The protruding disc can press on nearby spinal nerves or the spinal cord, leading to these symptoms.

Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination and a review of the patient's medical history. Imaging tests such as MRI or CT scans are often used to confirm the diagnosis and pinpoint the location of the prolapse. Treatment approaches range from conservative methods to surgical intervention. Conservative treatments include rest, pain medication, physical therapy, and exercises to strengthen core muscles. In cases where conservative treatments are ineffective or if there are severe neurological symptoms like loss of bowel or bladder control, surgery may be considered to remove the herniated portion of the disc. Most people experience significant relief with appropriate treatment.