Vägräcken

Vägräcken, commonly referred to in English as guardrails or safety barriers, are elongated barriers installed along roads, highways, and occasionally at pedestrian or cycling paths. Their primary purpose is to prevent vehicles from leaving the roadway, to reduce the severity of crashes when run-off-road events occur, and to shield roadside hazards such as steep slopes, embankments, or fixed objects.

Construction and design vary by location, but most vägräcken consist of posts anchored in the ground with horizontal rails. In many regions steel guardrails (for example W-beam or box-beam) are used, while concrete barriers are employed in areas with higher clearance requirements or where containment of a vehicle is critical. End treatments, crash cushions, and energy-absorbing features are included to minimize injury at impact. The choice of system depends on factors such as traffic speed, vehicle types, roadside geometry, and exposure to hazards.

Maintenance and standards: The installation and maintenance are governed by national road authorities and international guidance. In Sweden, Trafikverket sets guidelines for guardrail installation, maintenance, and safety performance. Regular inspections, repair of damaged posts and rails, and replacement following major crashes are required to maintain effectiveness. Guardrails are designed to redirect vehicles along the road rather than stopping them abruptly, which influences crash outcomes and risk to occupants.

Limitations and considerations: While effective at mitigating certain crash types, vägräcken can pose risks, such as vehicle snagging, rollover, or injuries at end treatments if improperly chosen or maintained. They are typically part of a broader roadside safety system that includes clear zones, signage, and other barrier types. See also road safety, crash barriers, and traffic engineering standards.