Vorhofohr

The *Vorhofohr*, also known as the *auricle* or *auricular appendage*, is an anatomical structure found in the hearts of certain vertebrates, including humans and other mammals. It is a small, ear-shaped muscular pouch attached to the atrium, the upper chamber of the heart. The term originates from German, where *Vorhof* means "atrium" and *Ohr* means "ear," reflecting its distinctive shape.

In the human heart, the *Vorhofohr* is present in both the right and left atria. Its primary function is to enhance the efficiency of atrial contraction by increasing the volume of blood that can be pumped into the ventricles during each heartbeat. The *Vorhofohr* acts as a reservoir, storing blood when the atrium is relaxed and then expelling it forcefully during atrial systole. This contributes to maintaining adequate cardiac output, especially during periods of increased demand.

Anatomically, the *Vorhofohr* is composed of smooth muscle and is lined with endocardium, the same tissue that covers the inner surfaces of the heart chambers. It is connected to the main body of the atrium via a narrow opening. In some species, such as birds and reptiles, the *Vorhofohr* plays a more pronounced role in circulation due to differences in heart structure and function.

Pathologically, abnormalities involving the *Vorhofohr* can occur, such as thrombus formation, particularly in conditions like atrial fibrillation, where blood may stagnate and clot within the pouch. These clots can dislodge and travel to other parts of the body, posing risks such as stroke. Surgical interventions, such as the removal of the *Vorhofohr* (auriculectomy), may be considered in certain clinical scenarios, though this is relatively rare.

The *Vorhofohr* is a well-studied component of cardiac anatomy, contributing to the understanding of heart function and associated pathologies. Its role in maintaining efficient blood flow underscores its importance in cardiovascular physiology.