Vitoideae

Vitoideae is a subfamily of flowering plants in the grape family, Vitaceae. It is one of the two subfamilies within Vitaceae, the other being Leeoideae. The subfamily Vitoideae is characterized by its woody vines, which are often tendril-bearing. The leaves are typically alternate and palmately or pinnately compound, though simple leaves are also found in some genera. Flowers are usually small and inconspicuously colored, borne in cymes. The fruits are berries.

The subfamily Vitoideae is geographically widespread, found in tropical, subtropical, and temperate regions of the world. It comprises several genera, including the well-known Vitis, which includes the cultivated grape species, and Parthenocissus, which includes Virginia creeper and Boston ivy. Other genera within Vitoideae include Cissus, Ampelopsis, Tetrastigma, and Rhoicissus.

Members of Vitoideae have significant ecological and economic importance. The genus Vitis is cultivated globally for its fruit, which is consumed fresh, dried as raisins, or fermented to produce wine. The ornamental value of genera like Parthenocissus makes them popular for landscaping. Ecologically, these vines can play a role in forest structure and provide food and habitat for various animals. Phylogenetically, Vitoideae is a well-supported monophyletic group within the Vitaceae. Research continues to explore the evolutionary relationships and diversity within this subfamily.