Vesicleembedded

Vesicleembedded is a term used to describe composite systems in which vesicles, such as liposomes or polymersomes, are embedded within a solid or semi-solid matrix, coating, or device. In these systems, the vesicles retain their integrity and encapsulated contents while the surrounding material serves to support, protect, or standardize release behavior across a population of vesicles.

Embedding methods include immobilizing vesicles within hydrogels, porous scaffolds, polymer films, or onto surfaces by physical entrapment, ionic or covalent bonding, or layer-by-layer assembly. Release of vesicle cargo can arise from diffusion through the matrix, vesicle rupture, matrix degradation, or stimulus-triggered triggering, such as changes in pH, temperature, or enzymatic activity.

Potential applications span drug delivery, where embedded vesicles provide localized and sustained release; tissue engineering, where growth factors or nucleic acids can be delivered within scaffolds; biosensing, where vesicle contents generate detectable signals upon interaction with targets; and cosmetics or nutraceuticals, where stabilized vesicles can improve product performance.

Key challenges include maintaining vesicle stability during embedding and storage, preventing aggregation, ensuring uniform distribution, and achieving scalable manufacturing. Research is ongoing to optimize materials, loading strategies, and regulatory pathways. The concept intersects vesicle technology with composite materials, controlled release, and nanomedicine. Related terms include liposomes, polymersomes, hydrogels, and smart delivery systems.