Ventillasjon

Ventillasjon is the process of exchanging indoor air with outdoor air to control indoor air quality, temperature, humidity, and odors. It is a key element of building design and occupant comfort, and can be implemented by natural means, mechanical means, or a combination of both.

Natural ventilation relies on ambient air movement and buoyancy differences; openings such as windows, vents, and gaps provide pathways for air to flow. Mechanical ventilation uses fans and ductwork to supply fresh air and exhaust stale air, and can be configured as exhaust, supply, or balanced systems.

Balanced systems use equal rates of supply and exhaust and can include heat or moisture recovery devices (HRV and ERV) to transfer energy between the incoming and outgoing air, improving energy efficiency and IAQ.

Design and operation depend on climate, building airtightness, occupancy patterns, filtration needs, and noise. Standards set minimum ventilation rates and IAQ targets to limit pollutants such as CO2, volatile organic compounds, and particulates. Regular maintenance, filter changes, and clean ducts are essential.

Ventillasjon is applied in homes, offices, schools, hospitals, and industrial facilities to control contaminants, reduce humidity-related problems, and support comfort and health. While natural ventilation is energy-light, mechanical systems offer greater control and reliability, especially in extreme climates or sealed buildings.