Valtimosuonet

Valtimosuonet, also known as venous valves, are small flap-like structures found within veins. Their primary function is to prevent the backward flow of blood, ensuring that blood travels in one direction towards the heart. These valves are particularly important in the veins of the limbs, where gravity would otherwise make it difficult for blood to return to the heart against its pull.

Each valtimosuoni consists of two or three cusps, which are thin leaflets of tissue. When blood flows in the correct direction, these cusps are pressed against the vein wall, allowing unobstructed passage. If blood begins to flow backward, the cusps fill with blood and close, forming a barrier that stops the retrograde movement. This mechanism is crucial for maintaining efficient blood circulation and preventing blood from pooling in the extremities.

Problems with valtimosuonet can lead to various venous disorders. If the valves become damaged or weakened, they may not close properly, resulting in a condition known as venous insufficiency. This allows blood to flow backward and pool in the veins, often causing symptoms like swelling, pain, heaviness, and visible varicose veins. Factors such as prolonged standing or sitting, aging, obesity, and genetics can contribute to the weakening of these valves.