Valjuhääldi

Valjuhääldi, also known as a loudspeaker or speaker, is an electroacoustic transducer that converts an electrical audio signal into a corresponding sound. This is achieved through the principle of electromagnetism. Typically, a loudspeaker consists of a diaphragm, a voice coil, and a magnetic structure. When an alternating current, representing the audio signal, passes through the voice coil, it generates a fluctuating magnetic field. This field interacts with the stationary magnetic field of the permanent magnet, causing the voice coil and the attached diaphragm to vibrate back and forth. These vibrations displace the surrounding air, creating sound waves that travel to the listener's ear.

The size and shape of the diaphragm, the strength of the magnet, and the design of the voice coil all influence the loudspeaker's frequency response, sensitivity, and power handling capabilities. Loudspeakers are found in a vast array of applications, including home audio systems, car stereos, public address systems, musical instruments, and personal electronic devices. Different types of loudspeakers exist, such as woofers for low frequencies, mid-range speakers for middle frequencies, and tweeters for high frequencies, often combined in multi-way systems to reproduce the full audible spectrum. The quality of a loudspeaker is a critical factor in the fidelity of sound reproduction.