VZVrelated
VZV-related refers to diseases and topics connected with Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV), a human alphaherpesvirus. VZV causes two principal clinical entities: varicella (chickenpox) during primary infection and herpes zoster (shingles) upon reactivation later in life. After primary infection, the virus becomes latent in dorsal root and cranial nerve ganglia and can reactivate years later, often under conditions of aging or immunosuppression. Transmission occurs mainly through respiratory droplets or contact with vesicular fluid.
Virology and pathogenesis: VZV is a double-stranded DNA virus that establishes lifelong latency in sensory ganglia.
Clinical spectrum: Varicella typically presents with a generalized itchy vesicular rash, fever, and malaise, most common
Diagnosis and treatment: Diagnosis is usually clinical, supported by PCR testing of lesion fluid or vesicular
Public health and research: Vaccination programs have reduced incidence and complications. Ongoing research investigates vaccine effectiveness,