Váltóáramúüvegszikrén

Váltóáramúüvegszikrén, often translated as alternating current glass spark gap, refers to a type of electrical discharge device. It is characterized by its use of electrodes enclosed within a glass envelope and designed to operate with alternating current. When the voltage across the electrodes exceeds a certain threshold, the gas within the glass breaks down, creating a spark. This spark is a transient electrical arc.

The term "üvegszikrén" specifically points to the construction, with the discharge occurring within a glass tube or bulb. This enclosure can serve to contain the gas, control its pressure and composition, and prevent contamination. The alternating current nature means that the polarity of the electrodes reverses periodically, leading to discharges in both half-cycles of the AC waveform.

Váltóáramúüvegszikrén devices have historically found applications in various electrical circuits. They were commonly used as voltage limiters or surge protectors, designed to divert excessive voltage away from sensitive equipment by providing a low-impedance path for the current. In some older radio transmitter designs, they were also employed as oscillatory circuits or in power switching applications. The specific characteristics, such as breakdown voltage and current handling capability, are determined by the electrode geometry, the type and pressure of the gas filling, and the dimensions of the glass enclosure.