Upplýsingaskyldu

Upplýsingaskyldu is a legal concept in Icelandic law referring to the obligation to provide information that enables an informed decision or fair treatment in a given transaction or process. It is a general duty that can arise from contract, consumer protection, administrative regulation, or data protection rules, and is often tied to transparency and accountability.

In consumer and contract law, upplýsinga­skyldu typically requires the seller or service provider to disclose essential terms before or at the outset of a contract. This includes clear information about prices, fees, contract duration, renewal or termination terms, rights of withdrawal or return, and any significant risks or limitations. The purpose is to prevent information asymmetry and to empower consumers to compare offers and make informed choices.

In data protection, upplýsinga­skyldu is most closely associated with the duty to inform individuals about how their personal data are collected and processed. Data controllers must provide a privacy notice or equivalent information that covers the identity of the controller, purposes and legal basis for processing, categories of data, recipients, retention periods, data subject rights, and the right to lodge complaints. The information must be concise, transparent, and easily accessible.

Other contexts, such as employment or public administration, also rely on information obligations. Non‑compliance can lead to administrative penalties, civil claims, or damages, and can undermine trust and legitimacy in the relevant process.