UVabsorbaattoreina

UVabsorbaattoreina, or ultraviolet (UV) absorbing proteins, are specialized biomolecules found in various organisms that protect against the harmful effects of UV radiation. These proteins typically contain chromophores—light-absorbing groups—that selectively absorb UV light, dissipating its energy as heat or converting it into less damaging forms. They play a crucial role in maintaining cellular integrity, particularly in organisms exposed to high levels of solar radiation, such as marine life, fungi, and certain plants.

The most well-stocumented UVabsorbaattoreina belong to the family of **mycosporines-like amino acids (MAAs)** and **shinorine**, which are small, water-soluble molecules synthesized by algae, cyanobacteria, and some fungi. MAAs absorb UV-B radiation (280–315 nm) and are often localized in the cytoplasm or vacuoles of cells, where they act as a physical shield against DNA damage and oxidative stress. Other organisms, such as certain marine invertebrates, produce **scytonemine** or **porphyra-334**, which also function as UV filters.

In addition to low-molecular-weight compounds, some organisms employ larger proteins, such as **UV-absorbing proteins (UAPs)**, found in the eyes of certain marine animals. These proteins help prevent photodegradation of retinal pigments and maintain visual function under intense UV exposure. Research on UVabsorbaattoreina has expanded our understanding of adaptive mechanisms in extreme environments, with potential applications in photoprotection strategies for agriculture and human health, such as sunscreen development.

The study of UVabsorbaattoreina remains an active area of biological and ecological research, particularly in the context of climate change, which alters UV radiation patterns. Their structural diversity and evolutionary adaptations provide insights into how life has evolved to thrive under varying environmental stresses.