USMexico

USMexico refers to the bilateral relationship between the United States and Mexico, encompassing political, economic, social, and cultural ties across the shared border. The two countries share a 3,145-kilometer (1,954-mile) border that runs from the Pacific Ocean to the Gulf of Mexico, crossing deserts, mountains, and major metropolitan areas. Historical ties date to the colonial era and the territorial changes in the 19th century; the Mexican-American War (1846–1848) and the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo redefined borders and affected populations on both sides.

In the modern era, the relationship is characterized by deep economic integration and cross-border mobility. The United States and Mexico are major trading partners, with the bilateral economy shaped by agreements such as NAFTA, established in 1994 and replaced by the USMCA in 2020, which governs trade in goods and services, intellectual property, and labor standards. Trade spans automotive, electronics, agriculture, and consumer products, with extensive cross-border supply chains and a large shared workforce.

Migration and border policy are central to the relationship. Millions of people cross the border for work, family, or study, while immigration reform and border enforcement remain important policy topics in both countries. Security cooperation includes narcotics control and law enforcement collaboration, supported by initiatives such as the Merida Initiative.

Culturally, ties are reinforced by a substantial Mexican-origin population in the United States, plus shared media, tourism, and regional development efforts. Ongoing collaboration in energy, environment, science, education, and regional planning reflects a multifaceted partnership with both opportunities and ongoing challenges.