Tõrjelennukikandjad

Tõrjelennukikandjad, often translated as "anti-submarine warfare carriers" or "anti-submarine aircraft carriers," are a specialized type of aircraft carrier designed primarily to hunt and destroy enemy submarines. Unlike larger, more versatile fleet carriers, tõrjelennukikandjad are typically smaller and optimized for carrying and operating anti-submarine warfare (ASW) aircraft, such as helicopters and patrol planes. Their main role is to provide air cover and ASW capabilities for convoys, amphibious operations, or to support other naval groups.

The design of tõrjelennukikandjad often features a large flight deck to accommodate multiple aircraft and their associated support equipment. They are generally equipped with advanced sonar, radar, and electronic warfare systems to detect and track submarines. The aircraft carried usually include helicopters equipped with dipping sonar, sonobuoys, and torpedoes, as well as fixed-wing aircraft capable of long-range patrol and ASW operations.

Historically, many nations have operated or developed tõrjelennukikandjad, especially during periods of intense naval competition. Their smaller size and specialized role often made them more economical to build and operate than larger carriers, allowing navies to expand their ASW capabilities. While the term itself is of Estonian origin, the concept of specialized ASW carriers has been adopted and adapted by various naval powers throughout the 20th and 21st centuries, evolving with advancements in submarine technology and ASW tactics.