Työstöteräkset

Työstöteräkset, known in English as tool steels, are a class of carbon and alloy steels primarily used for making tools. These steels are characterized by their hardness, toughness, wear resistance, and ability to retain their shape and hardness at elevated temperatures. The specific properties are achieved through precise control of composition, heat treatment, and manufacturing processes.

There are several main categories of työstöteräkset. Cold-work steels are designed for applications where the temperature during use does not exceed approximately 150°C. They are known for their high hardness and wear resistance. Hot-work steels are intended for use at elevated temperatures, often above 500°C, and thus require good toughness and resistance to thermal shock. High-speed steels (HSS) are a specialized group capable of maintaining their hardness and cutting ability at very high speeds and temperatures, making them ideal for machining operations. Shock-resisting steels are designed for applications where impact or shock loading is a primary concern, prioritizing toughness over extreme hardness.

The selection of a specific työstöteräs depends heavily on the intended application and the operating conditions. Factors such as the material being worked, the forces involved, the operating temperature, and the desired tool life all play a role. Proper heat treatment, including hardening and tempering, is crucial to achieving the optimal properties for any given työstöteräs. The manufacturing process also influences the final properties, with methods like powder metallurgy offering advantages for certain high-performance applications.