Turkomans

Turkomans, also known as Turkmen, are a Turkic ethnic group native to Central Asia. They are primarily found in Turkmenistan, where they constitute the majority of the population. Significant Turkmen communities also reside in neighboring countries such as Iran, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, and Russia, as well as in diaspora communities around the world.

The Turkmen language belongs to the Oghuz branch of the Turkic language family and is closely related to Azerbaijani and Turkish. Their culture is rich with traditions in poetry, music, and carpet weaving, which is particularly renowned for its intricate patterns and high quality. Historically, Turkmen tribes were semi-nomadic, known for their equestrian skills and raising of the Akhal-Teke horse breed.

Islam, predominantly Sunni, is the dominant religion among Turkomans. Their social structure has traditionally been organized around tribal affiliations, though modern influences have led to changes in this organization. The history of the Turkmen people is intertwined with the broader history of Central Asia, marked by periods of tribal confederations, empires, and eventual incorporation into larger states, including the Russian Empire and later the Soviet Union. Since the dissolution of the Soviet Union, many Turkomans have established their own nation-state in Turkmenistan.