Turbinoplastic

Turbinoplastic is a term used to describe surgical techniques that reshape, reduce, or remodel the nasal turbinates, most often the inferior turbinate, to improve nasal airflow and relieve obstruction. The procedures aim to preserve mucosal function while decreasing turbinate bulk, thereby maintaining humidity and filtration of inspired air.

Indications for turbinoplastic procedures include chronic nasal congestion due to inferior turbinate hypertrophy from allergic or vasomotor rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, or postural obstruction. They are frequently performed in patients who have not responded to medical therapy and may be combined with other operations such as septoplasty.

Techniques used in turbinoplasty vary and may include submucosal resection, submucosal dissection with preservation of mucosa, radiofrequency ablation (RFA), coblation, laser-assisted turbinate reduction, and partial turbinectomy. Modern approaches emphasize preserving mucosa to reduce drying and crusting while achieving adequate reduction. Some methods focus on reducing tissue volume through submucosal tissue removal or ablation, followed by lateralization of the turbinate to widen the nasal airway.

Outcomes generally show improved nasal patency and quality of life in the majority of patients, though results can vary with technique and patient factors. Potential complications include bleeding, crusting, dry nose, infection, synechia (adhesions), and, rarely, empty nose syndrome. Recovery typically involves nasal saline irrigations, pain management, and avoidance of trauma to the nose.

Turbinoplastic procedures are part of otolaryngology and are often performed alongside other airway surgeries when indicated. They require careful patient selection and postoperative care to optimize results.