Tunnonhäiriöt

Tunnonhäiriöt, also known as mood disorders, are a group of mental health conditions characterized by disturbances in emotion or mood. These disturbances can range from persistent sadness and despair to periods of intense elation and irritability. The most common forms of tunnonhäiriöt include major depressive disorder, persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia), bipolar disorder, and cyclothymic disorder.

Major depressive disorder is characterized by one or more major depressive episodes, lasting at least two weeks, during which a person experiences a persistently low mood, loss of interest or pleasure in activities, and other symptoms such as changes in appetite or sleep, fatigue, feelings of worthlessness, and difficulty concentrating. Persistent depressive disorder is a milder but more chronic form of depression, with symptoms lasting for at least two years.

Bipolar disorder involves extreme shifts in mood, energy, activity levels, and the ability to carry out daily tasks. These shifts include episodes of mania (abnormally elevated mood, increased energy, racing thoughts, impulsive behavior) and depression. Cyclothymic disorder is a milder form of bipolar disorder, characterized by numerous periods of hypomanic symptoms and periods of depressive symptoms that do not meet the full criteria for a manic or major depressive episode.

The exact causes of tunnonhäiriöt are not fully understood, but they are believed to result from a complex interplay of genetic, biological, environmental, and psychological factors. Treatment typically involves a combination of psychotherapy (talk therapy) and medication, such as antidepressants or mood stabilizers. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are crucial for managing these conditions and improving quality of life.