Trombofíliák

Trombofíliák refers to a group of inherited or acquired conditions that increase an individual's risk of developing abnormal blood clots, a condition known as thrombosis. These clots can form in veins (venous thromboembolism) or arteries (arterial thrombosis), leading to serious health complications such as deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, stroke, and heart attack.

Inherited thrombofíliák, also called hereditary thrombophilias, are caused by genetic mutations that affect the blood's clotting system. Common inherited thrombofíliák include Factor V Leiden mutation, prothrombin gene mutation, and deficiencies in natural anticoagulant proteins like antithrombin, protein C, and protein S. Acquired thrombofíliák can arise from various factors such as certain medical conditions like cancer or autoimmune diseases, pregnancy, immobility, surgery, trauma, and the use of hormonal therapies like oral contraceptives or hormone replacement therapy.

The diagnosis of thrombofília typically involves a review of personal and family medical history, physical examination, and laboratory tests to assess clotting factors and the presence of specific genetic mutations. Treatment strategies aim to prevent clot formation and recurrence. This often includes anticoagulant medications, which thin the blood and reduce its ability to clot. Lifestyle modifications, such as regular physical activity and maintaining a healthy weight, can also play a role in managing the risk. Awareness and appropriate management of thrombofíliák are crucial for preventing potentially life-threatening thrombotic events.