Trailultra

Trailultra refers to ultramarathon running events held on natural trails rather than paved roads. Distances exceed a marathon length, and courses emphasize terrain, elevation, and navigation as much as speed. Common race lengths range from about 50 kilometers up to 100 miles, with some multi-day stage events as well. Courses may be looped or point-to-point and often feature significant ascent, technical footing, and remote locations.

Races on trail routes vary in format. In distance-based events, finishers complete the designated route within set time cutoffs. In time-based formats, participants aim to cover as much distance as possible within a fixed period, such as 24 or 48 hours. Many trail ultras are self-supported or limited-support, while others allow crew and pacers under specific race rules. Aid stations provide food, fluids, and basic medical support, but the degree of external assistance can differ by race.

Gear and preparation are integral to trail ultras. Mandatory equipment commonly reflects expected conditions and may include waterproof outer layers, an insulating layer, headlamp or flashlight, emergency blanket, whistle, and a system to carry water. Terrain and weather can require additional items such as trekking poles or wind shells. Training typically emphasizes long endurance runs on varied terrain, strength work, downhill technique, and nutrition and hydration planning.

Governance and history: trail ultras have grown from the broader ultrarunning movement, expanding significantly in the late 20th and early 21st centuries. High-profile events such as Ultra-Trail du Mont-Blanc and Western States have helped popularize the sport. Race organization is carried out by independent directors, regional athletic associations, and international bodies like the International Trail Running Association (ITRA), which provides guidelines and event certification.