Topunktsbælter

Topunktsbælter, also known as lap and shoulder belts, are a type of automotive seat belt designed to secure occupants in a vehicle. They are distinguished by having two attachment points to the vehicle's structure. One point is typically located on the seat or the B-pillar of the car, anchoring the lap portion of the belt across the wearer's pelvis. The second attachment point, usually found on the B-pillar or roof, anchors the shoulder portion of the belt across the wearer's chest and collarbone. This design provides restraint in both frontal and lateral impacts.

The development of the topunktsbælt was a significant advancement in vehicle safety. Prior to its widespread adoption, many vehicles used simpler lap belts with only one attachment point, offering less protection. The three-point design, patented by Nils Bohlin for Volvo in 1959, proved highly effective in reducing injuries and fatalities in car accidents. It is now a mandatory safety feature in most countries worldwide. Modern topunktsbælter often incorporate pre-tensioners, which rapidly tighten the belt in a collision, and force limiters, which allow a controlled release of tension to reduce strain on the occupant's chest. The correct use of a topunktsbælt is crucial for its effectiveness in protecting occupants during a crash.