Tonometriou

Tonometriou refers to the practice of measuring intraocular pressure (IOP) within the eye, a critical diagnostic procedure primarily used in ophthalmology. The term originates from the Greek words *tonos* (meaning "tension" or "stretch") and *metron* (meaning "measure"), reflecting its core function of assessing ocular tension. Elevated IOP is a key indicator of glaucoma, a leading cause of irreversible blindness, making tonometry an essential tool in eye care.

The most common method of tonometry is applanation tonometry, developed by Dr. Goldmann in the mid-20th century. This technique involves applying a small, weighted prism to the cornea while observing the area flattened by the weight. The force required to flatten a standardized corneal area correlates with IOP, allowing precise measurement. Alternative methods include air-puff tonometry, which uses a controlled burst of air to indent the cornea, and dynamic contour tonometry, which accounts for corneal thickness variations for greater accuracy.

Tonometriou is typically performed during routine eye examinations, particularly for individuals at risk of glaucoma due to age, family history, or other risk factors. The procedure is quick, painless, and non-invasive, though some patients may experience mild discomfort from the pressure applied to the eye. Proper calibration and technique are essential to ensure reliable results, as corneal thickness, hydration, and other factors can influence readings.

Advances in technology have introduced digital and automated tonometers, improving efficiency and reducing human error. These devices often integrate with other diagnostic tools, such as optical coherence tomography (OCT), to provide a comprehensive assessment of ocular health. While tonometry itself does not treat eye conditions, it plays a vital role in early detection and monitoring of glaucoma and other IOP-related disorders. Regular tonometric screenings are recommended for maintaining long-term eye health.