Toitumispuuduse

Toitumispuudus, also known as malnutrition, refers to a condition where the body does not receive the necessary nutrients to function properly. This can manifest as either undernutrition, where there is a deficiency in calories or essential nutrients, or overnutrition, characterized by an excess of certain nutrients or overall calorie intake leading to obesity. Undernutrition is further categorized into wasting (low weight for height), stunting (low height for age), and being underweight (low weight for age). Micronutrient deficiencies, such as a lack of vitamins and minerals, also fall under the umbrella of malnutrition and can have severe health consequences.

The causes of toitumispuudus are diverse and often interconnected. They can include insufficient access to nutritious food due to poverty, food insecurity, or inadequate dietary knowledge. Illnesses that impair nutrient absorption, increase nutrient requirements, or reduce appetite, such as infections or chronic diseases, are also significant contributors. Social factors like inadequate childcare practices, substance abuse, and mental health issues can further exacerbate the problem. Inadequate food intake can lead to a weakened immune system, increased susceptibility to infections, developmental delays in children, and chronic health problems in adults. Addressing toitumispuudus requires a multifaceted approach, focusing on improving food security, promoting healthy eating habits, providing access to healthcare, and addressing underlying socioeconomic factors.