toitumispuudus

Toitumispuudus, also known as malnutrition, refers to a condition where the body does not receive the necessary nutrients for proper functioning. This can manifest as either undernutrition, where there is a deficiency in calories, protein, or micronutrients, or overnutrition, characterized by an excess of calories leading to overweight or obesity. Both forms can have detrimental effects on health.

Undernutrition can lead to a range of problems including stunted growth and development in children, weakened immune systems, increased susceptibility to infections, fatigue, and cognitive impairment. Specific micronutrient deficiencies, such as iron deficiency anemia or vitamin A deficiency, can cause distinct health issues. Chronic undernutrition can have long-term consequences, impacting an individual's overall quality of life and productivity.

Overnutrition, on the other hand, is often associated with the development of chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, certain types of cancer, and musculoskeletal problems. Excess body weight can strain the body's systems and contribute to inflammation.

Factors contributing to malnutrition are diverse and can include inadequate food access, poverty, poor dietary choices, eating disorders, chronic illnesses that affect nutrient absorption or increase nutrient needs, and certain medical treatments. Addressing malnutrition requires a multifaceted approach involving improved food security, education on healthy eating, access to healthcare, and support for vulnerable populations. Early identification and intervention are crucial to prevent or mitigate the negative health consequences.