Tähystystoisto

Tähystystoisto, also known as endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), is a medical procedure used to diagnose and treat conditions of the bile ducts and pancreatic duct. It combines endoscopy with X-ray imaging. A flexible, lighted tube with a camera, called an endoscope, is passed through the mouth, down the esophagus, stomach, and into the first part of the small intestine. Once in place, a thin tube is inserted through the endoscope and into the opening of the bile and pancreatic ducts. A contrast dye is then injected into these ducts, making them visible on X-ray images.

ERCP is primarily used to identify blockages, narrowing, stones, or tumors within the bile and pancreatic ducts. These conditions can cause symptoms like jaundice, abdominal pain, pancreatitis, or cholangitis. The diagnostic capabilities of ERCP are crucial in determining the cause and extent of these issues. Beyond diagnosis, ERCP is also a therapeutic tool. For example, if a gallstone is found obstructing a bile duct, it can often be removed during the procedure using specialized instruments passed through the endoscope. Strictures or narrowed areas can be widened, and stents can be placed to keep ducts open.

While ERCP is a valuable procedure, it carries some risks, including pancreatitis, infection, bleeding, and perforation of the digestive tract. These risks are generally low, but patients are carefully evaluated before the procedure, and close monitoring is provided afterward. The procedure is typically performed by a gastroenterologist with specialized training in ERCP. Recovery time varies depending on the complexity of the procedure and whether any therapeutic interventions were performed.