Sähkökondensaattori

Sähkökondensaattori is the Finnish term for an electric capacitor. An electric capacitor is a passive two-terminal electrical component that stores electrical energy in an electric field. It consists of two conductive plates separated by a dielectric material, which is an electrical insulator. When a voltage is applied across the plates, positive charge accumulates on one plate and negative charge accumulates on the other, creating an electric field in the dielectric. The amount of charge stored depends on the capacitance of the capacitor and the applied voltage.

Capacitance is a measure of a capacitor's ability to store charge and is typically measured in farads. Factors influencing capacitance include the area of the plates, the distance between them, and the dielectric constant of the insulating material. Various dielectric materials are used, such as ceramics, films, electrolytes, and air, each offering different properties for specific applications.

Sähkökondensaattorit have a wide range of uses in electronic circuits. They are commonly employed in power supplies for filtering and smoothing DC voltage, in timing circuits to control the rate of charge and discharge, in resonant circuits for tuning radio frequencies, and in energy storage applications. Their ability to quickly release stored energy makes them useful in camera flashes and in electric vehicle regenerative braking systems. The behavior of a sähkökondensaattori is described by its relationship between voltage and current, which is proportional to the rate of change of voltage.