Szaktudományok

Szaktudományok are disciplines that study a specific field of reality or a professional domain, using theories, methods, and standards tailored to that domain. They combine theoretical inquiry with practical application, aiming to generate knowledge that can inform practice as well as to develop professional competencies.

They differ from general or foundational sciences in that szaktudományok focus on concrete applications, problem-solving within particular sectors, and often define professional standards, curricula, and licensure requirements. They rely on empirical evidence but adapt scientific methods to domain-specific questions. They frequently involve collaboration with practitioners to ensure relevance and usefulness.

Commonly cited examples include medicine and other health professions, engineering and architecture, agriculture and veterinary sciences, law, education and pedagogy, and economics or business administration when oriented to practice. The concept can cover both natural and social sciences when applied to professional fields, especially where specialized methods and standards shape research and training.

In higher education, szaktudományok underpin professional degree programs and research aimed at improving real-world practice, safety, efficiency, and quality of life. They often emphasize applied research, development, and innovation, and they intersect with interdisciplinary areas such as policy studies, human factors, and technology transfer.