Sytosti

Sytosti is a term used primarily in Polish-language nutrition and psychology literature to denote the state of satiety or fullness that follows food intake. In practice, sytosti encompasses both a subjective sense of fullness and the physiological signals that suppress further short‑term food intake. The plural form sytosti is commonly used when discussing variations in fullness across meals, foods, or individuals.

In English-language writing the concept is most commonly rendered as satiety; sytosti would correspond to that concept. The term appears in discussions of appetite regulation, diet planning, and studies of eating behavior, where researchers examine how different foods and portions influence the sensation of fullness and the likelihood of continuing to eat.

Physiological mechanisms underlying sytosti include gastric distension, which activates stomach stretch receptors, and post-ingestive hormonal signals such as cholecystokinin, peptide YY, and GLP-1 that promote fullness. Insulin, and long‑term regulators like leptin from adipose tissue, also contribute to ongoing energy balance. Neural circuits in the hypothalamus and brainstem integrate these signals to modulate hunger and meal size. Sensory-specific satiety, the waning appeal of a particular food as it is consumed, also plays a role in achieving sytosti during a meal.

Applications of the concept include dietary planning and weight management, as well as research on appetite and energy intake. Measurements often combine subjective satiety ratings with objective data from feeding studies, using tools such as satiety indices or satiety quotient.

See also: satiety, hunger, appetite, nutrition.