Syöp

Syöp refers to a group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell growth and the potential to invade other tissues. In healthy individuals, cell division and death are tightly regulated, ensuring proper tissue function and repair. However, in syöp, genetic mutations disrupt this balance, leading to the formation of abnormal cells that multiply without restraint. These abnormal cells can form a mass called a tumor, which can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous).

Malignant tumors have the ability to invade surrounding tissues and spread to distant parts of the body through a process known as metastasis. This spread occurs when cancer cells enter the bloodstream or lymphatic system and establish new tumors in other organs. Syöp can originate in almost any cell of the body and is classified based on the type of cell from which it arises and its location. Common types include carcinomas, sarcomas, leukemias, and lymphomas.

The development of syöp is often a multi-step process influenced by a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental factors. Risk factors can include exposure to carcinogens, such as tobacco smoke or certain chemicals, as well as lifestyle choices like diet and physical activity. Viral infections can also play a role in the development of some syöps. Diagnosis typically involves medical imaging, laboratory tests, and biopsies to examine suspicious tissues. Treatment approaches vary widely depending on the type and stage of the disease and may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, or targeted therapy.