Stjórnarskránum

Stjórnarskránum, also known as the Constitution of Iceland, is the supreme law of the Republic of Iceland. It was adopted on June 17, 1944, and came into effect on June 17, 1945. The Constitution establishes the framework for the political system of Iceland, including the structure of government, the rights and duties of citizens, and the principles of governance.

The Icelandic Constitution is a written constitution, meaning it is a single document that outlines the fundamental principles of the state. It is divided into several parts, including the preamble, the declaration of rights, the structure of government, and the provisions for amending the constitution.

The Constitution of Iceland is a democratic and republican constitution. It establishes a parliamentary system of government, with a president serving as the head of state and a prime minister as the head of government. The Icelandic Parliament, known as the Althing, is the legislative body of the country, and it is responsible for making laws and overseeing the government.

The Constitution also includes a declaration of rights, which outlines the fundamental rights and freedoms of Icelandic citizens. These rights include freedom of speech, freedom of the press, freedom of religion, and the right to a fair trial. The Constitution also establishes the principle of the rule of law, which means that all laws, including the Constitution itself, must be applied equally to all citizens.

The Constitution of Iceland can be amended through a two-stage process. First, a proposal for amendment must be approved by a two-thirds majority of the members of the Althing. Second, the amendment must be approved by a majority of the voters in a national referendum. This process ensures that any changes to the Constitution are made with the support of the people and are consistent with the principles of democracy and the rule of law.