Stigmán

Stigmán is a term that historically denotes the bodily wounds that appear in certain Christian mystics and saints, a phenomenon commonly referred to as stigmata. The wounds, typically on the hands, feet, and side, are said to mirror those of the crucified Christ and are believed by adherents to signify a profound spiritual union with the Passion. The first recorded instance of stigmata dates back to the early 13th century with the Italian mystic Lucia de Causi, though the phenomenon became widely recognized in the late 15th century with the case of Saint Catherine of Siena. The most famous modern example is Saint Francis of Assisi, who in 1224 reportedly bore hands, feet, and a wound on his back that matched the crucifixion marks described in Scripture.

Skeptics attribute stigmán to psychosomatic conditions, self-inflicted injury, or even medieval medical explanations such as scabies or other dermatological ailments. Nevertheless, the Catholic Church maintains a cautious stance, requiring a rigorous investigation before declaring a case authentic. The faithful view stigmán as a divine sign, a rare holy gift that elevates the mystic’s spiritual stature and serves as a reminder of Christ's sacrifice. This complex blend of faith, medical inquiry, and cultural interpretation has kept stigmán at the center of theological debate for centuries.