Sthanakvasi

Sthanakvasi is a Jain sect that originated in the 15th century. The name Sthanakvasi literally translates to "dwellers in a place," a reference to their practice of not worshipping in temples or idols. Unlike the Svetambara and Digambara traditions, Sthanakvasi monks and nuns do not wear white or sky-colored robes respectively, nor do they believe in the necessity of an image of an Arhat for worship. They believe that worship should be directed towards the living Jinas and their teachings, and that idols are not essential for spiritual progress.

The Sthanakvasi movement arose in Gujarat as a reformist reaction against what they perceived as ritualistic excesses and idol worship within the existing Jain traditions. They emphasize a simple lifestyle, asceticism, and adherence to the teachings of the Jinas as the path to liberation. Their places of worship are known as Sthanaks, which are usually simple buildings without elaborate decorations or idols. Prayer and meditation are conducted within these Sthanaks.

The sect's philosophy is rooted in the core tenets of Jainism, including ahimsa (non-violence), satya (truthfulness), asteya (non-stealing), brahmacharya (chastity), and aparigraha (non-possession). They are known for their strict adherence to ascetic practices and their commitment to spreading Jain teachings through preaching and education. Sthanakvasi followers are predominantly found in the Indian states of Rajasthan, Gujarat, and Punjab.