Starím

Starím is a term used primarily in Czech to denote the process of aging or the state of being older. It encompasses biological aging, as well as the social and cultural dimensions of growing older. The corresponding noun is stárnutí, while starím appears in verb forms related to aging.

Biology: Aging involves a gradual decline in physiological function, increased risk of chronic disease, and the accumulation of cellular and molecular damage. Common mechanisms discussed in gerontology include telomere shortening, genomic instability, mitochondrial dysfunction, and altered immune function. Aging is influenced by genetic factors, lifestyle, nutrition, and environmental exposures, and it is distinguished from disease by its universal, time-dependent nature.

Demography: Global populations are aging as life expectancy rises and birth rates fall. This shift affects healthcare needs, pension systems, housing, and labor markets. Policy responses emphasize geriatrics, long-term care, age-friendly infrastructure, and support for caregivers.

Society and culture: Attitudes toward aging vary across cultures. Ageism—bias based on age—can affect opportunities and well-being of older people. Positive approaches emphasize intergenerational solidarity, continual participation in society, and opportunities for lifelong learning and meaningful activity.

See also: gerontology, geriatrics, life expectancy, demographic aging, aging.

Note: The term starím is primarily Czech; equivalent concepts exist in other languages with different terms.