Sovétríkjanna

Sovétríkjanna, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), was a federal socialist state in Northern Eurasia that existed from 1922 to 1991. It was the world's first constitutionally socialist state. The Soviet Union emerged from the Russian Revolution of 1917 and was led by the Communist Party. Its territory encompassed much of Eastern Europe and Northern Asia.

The Soviet Union was characterized by a centrally planned economy, state ownership of the means of production, and a one-party political system. Its ideology was Marxism-Leninism, which aimed to establish a classless society. The USSR played a significant role in World War II, emerging as a global superpower alongside the United States. This led to the Cold War, a period of geopolitical tension and ideological rivalry between the two blocs.

Key features of Soviet society included widespread industrialization, advancements in science and technology (particularly in space exploration), and a comprehensive but often restrictive social welfare system. However, the state also exerted significant control over its citizens' lives, with limitations on freedom of speech, assembly, and movement. Economic inefficiencies and political stagnation became increasingly apparent in the later decades of its existence.

In 1985, Mikhail Gorbachev introduced reforms known as Perestroika and Glasnost, aimed at revitalizing the Soviet system. These reforms inadvertently contributed to the dissolution of the USSR in December 1991. Following its collapse, 15 independent republics emerged from its territory. The legacy of the Soviet Union continues to influence the political and social landscapes of its former constituent states and the broader global order.