Sooltepõletikud

Sooltepõletikud, commonly referred to as enteritis or colitis depending on the affected area of the intestine, encompass a range of inflammatory conditions affecting the small or large intestine. These conditions can be acute or chronic, and their causes are diverse, including infections, autoimmune disorders, allergies, and the use of certain medications.

Symptoms of sooltepõletikud can vary widely but often include abdominal pain and cramping, diarrhea (which may be bloody), nausea, vomiting, fever, and a general feeling of malaise. The severity of symptoms depends on the extent and cause of the inflammation. Dehydration is a potential complication, especially with severe diarrhea.

Diagnosis typically involves a medical history, physical examination, and various tests. These may include blood tests to check for infection or inflammation markers, stool samples to identify pathogens, and imaging studies like X-rays or CT scans. Endoscopic procedures, such as colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy, allow direct visualization of the intestinal lining and the possibility of biopsies for further analysis.

Treatment for sooltepõletikud is tailored to the underlying cause and severity. For infectious enteritis, antibiotics or antiviral medications may be prescribed. In cases of inflammatory bowel disease, such as Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis, treatment focuses on managing inflammation and symptoms with medications like corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, and biologics. Dietary modifications, hydration, and rest are also important supportive measures. In severe cases, hospitalization or surgical intervention may be necessary.