Soojusnõrkus

Soojusnõrkus, also known as heat exhaustion, is a condition caused by prolonged exposure to high temperatures and inadequate fluid intake. It is a milder form of heat illness that can progress to heatstroke if not treated promptly. Symptoms typically include heavy sweating, paleness, muscle cramps, fatigue, weakness, dizziness, headache, nausea, and vomiting. The skin may feel cool and clammy despite the high body temperature.

The body's thermoregulation system, which normally helps to maintain a stable internal temperature, becomes overwhelmed when the ambient temperature is too high and fluid loss through sweating is not replenished. This leads to a drop in blood pressure and reduced blood flow to the brain, contributing to dizziness and weakness. Dehydration is a significant factor in the development of soojusnõrkus.

Treatment for soojusnõrkus involves immediate cooling measures and rehydration. Moving the affected person to a cooler environment, such as an air-conditioned room or a shady spot, is crucial. Loosening or removing excess clothing and applying cool, wet cloths or sponges to the skin can help lower body temperature. Sipping cool water or sports drinks can help restore fluid and electrolyte balance. In most cases, symptoms improve within 30 minutes to an hour with these interventions. However, if symptoms worsen or do not improve, medical attention should be sought, as it may indicate a progression to heatstroke, a life-threatening emergency. Prevention is key and involves staying hydrated, avoiding strenuous activity during the hottest parts of the day, and wearing lightweight, light-colored clothing.