Softwarelebenszyklusprozessen

Softwarelebenszyklus, commonly referred to as the software life cycle, describes the sequence of stages through which a software product passes from conception to retirement. The core stages typically include planning and requirements, design, implementation, verification, deployment, operation and maintenance, and eventual sunset. In this framework, each phase yields deliverables such as requirements specifications, architectural designs, source code, test results, and user documentation. The lifecycle aims to balance quality, cost, and time-to-market while accommodating changing needs.

Process models vary. The Waterfall model assumes a linear progression with limited feedback, while the V-model emphasizes verification and validation at each development stage. Iterative and incremental approaches, including Agile and Scrum, build the product through cycles that allow quicker feedback and adaptation. Hybrid methods, including DevOps, integrate development with operations to improve continuous delivery and reliability.

Key activities span requirements management, architecture and design, coding, testing (including unit, integration, and acceptance tests), release management, and maintenance. Effective lifecycle management relies on governance practices such as requirements traceability, configuration management, version control, and risk management. Metrics like cycle time, defect density, and release frequency help guide process improvement.

A well-managed software lifecycle supports long-term sustainability, including security maintenance, performance tuning, and end-of-life planning. When a product reaches obsolescence, data migration, user transition, and retirement procedures help minimize disruption. The concept remains central to software engineering, informing project planning, procurement, and compliance strategies.