SoftwareSynthesizer

SoftwareSynthesizer, commonly referred to as a software synth, is a digital program that generates audio signals to create musical tones and textures. It operates as a standalone application or as a plug-in within a digital audio workstation (DAW).

Most software synths provide a set of primary synthesis components: oscillators generating basic waveforms; a signal path consisting of filters and amplifiers; envelopes shaping amplitude and other parameters; low-frequency oscillators for modulation; and a modulation matrix or envelope routing for flexible control. Additional processing includes built-in effects such as reverb, delay, chorus, and distortion. Software synths typically support MIDI input, polyphony, and real-time parameter changes, and offer preset management and patch browsing.

Synthesis methods vary: subtractive synthesis uses filtering to sculpt harmonics; virtual analog emulates classic analog circuits; wavetable uses a table of timbres that are scanned; frequency modulation (FM) produces complex spectra; additive synthesis stacks multiple sine waves; granular and physical modeling offer more specialized textures.

History and usage: Software synthesizers emerged in the 1990s with the rise of digital audio workstations and plugin standards such as VST, AU, and AAX. They allow deep editing, recallable patches, and extensive modulation routing at reduced hardware cost. They are used across genres for leads, pads, basses, and experimental sounds.

Examples and ecosystem: widely used products include Serum, Massive, Omnisphere, Sylenth1, Pigments, FM8, and Diva; many others exist as commercial, free, or open-source options.